Oxford University is the oldest English-language college located in the city of Oxford, England. [5] The history of this university can be traced at least from the end of the 11th century, although the exact date of its establishment remains unclear. According to legend, after the outbreak of riots between students and city dwellers in 1209, some Oxford academics fled northeast, to the city of Cambridge, and founded the University of Cambridge ... [6] These two "ancient" universities have since competed with each other, and are the two most selective colleges in the United Kingdom, often referred to as "Oxbridge".
The University of Oxford consists of various institutions, including 38 constituent colleges and a variety of academic departments divided into four divisions. [7] Oxford had given birth to many prominent alumni, and 58 Nobel Prize recipients had studied or had affiliations with Oxford University. The university routinely competes with Cambridge University to occupy the first position in university ranking in the United Kingdom, and becomes one of two universities with the most prestigious graduate programs. [8]
The University of Oxford consists of various institutions, including 38 constituent colleges and a variety of academic departments divided into four divisions. [7] Oxford had given birth to many prominent alumni, and 58 Nobel Prize recipients had studied or had affiliations with Oxford University. The university routinely competes with Cambridge University to occupy the first position in university ranking in the United Kingdom, and becomes one of two universities with the most prestigious graduate programs. [8]
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The date of founding of the University of Oxford is unknown. [9] The process of teaching and learning in Oxford is estimated to have begun since 1096, but the exact date of this university was established is unknown. [1] Oxford grew rapidly in 1167 after British students returned from the University of Paris. Historian Gerald of Wales undergraduate education at Oxford in 1188, and the first known foreign scholar, Emo from Friesland, entered Oxford in 1190. University leaders were appointed counselors in 1201, and university masters began to be appointed in 1231. University of Oxford was granted a royal charter in 1248 during the reign of King Henry III. [10] After a dispute between students and residents of the city of Oxford in 1209, several academics fled to Cambridge, and later founded Cambridge University.
Oxford University is a "city university" that does not have a main campus; colleges, departments, lodgings and other facilities are spread throughout the city center. Science Area, where most scientific departments are located, is an area commonly referred to as campus.
The University of Oxford has the largest university library system in the United Kingdom. [12] More than 11 million books are owned by this university, making it the second largest library in the United Kingdom after the British Library.
Oxford is a member of the Russell Group, the Coimbra Group, G5, the European League of Research Universities, and the International Alliance of Research Universities. The university is also a core member of Europaeum and part of the "golden triangle" of universities in the United Kingdom (along with Cambridge and the University of London).
According to the 2012 Times Higher Education World University Ranking, Oxford is one of the six most prestigious universities in the world. [15] In the 2013 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, Oxford was ranked second under Harvard University, or the first in the United Kingdom and Europe. [16] Oxford also occupies the first position for three consecutive years in the ranking of "Clinical, Pre-Clinical & Health". [17]
Oxford has occupied the first position in the ranking carried out by the Times Good University Guide for eleven consecutive years, [18] and was second in the 2013 Guardian ranking.
